Population growth and increased prosperity, ever expanding economies, rapid urbanization and globalization are bringing global demand for energy, water and food to a point increasingly beyond the Earth’s carrying capacity. Together with climate change, those pressures are causing significant environmental degradation in many parts of the planet. Latin America (LA) is particularly vulnerable: deforestation of rainforests, climate change-induced loss of land productivity, biodiversity loss, natural resources degradation, water shortages, effects on the fishing and tourism sectors, all have been increasing recently. These trends have direct consequences on the regional, national and local societies and economies, but also very significant effects worldwide because some of these countries are large exporters of food (meat, vegetables and fruit), energy and other material resources.